church Religion

Religious belief, institutions, and their role in society

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"Religion is not primarily a set of beliefs, nor a system of practices, nor a community. These are its expressions. Its essence lies in a certain relationship — to a source of goodness and being that one has not produced oneself and from which one continues to receive."

Brague, Rémi event 2018

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"At the heart of every religious act there is something that resembles gratitude — an acknowledgment that what I am and what I have has not been produced by myself, that I exist in a relationship of dependence which is not servitude but recognition."

Brague, Rémi event 2018

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"Modernity does not simply challenge religion from outside. It has grown, in large part, from within the religious tradition it now contests. The secularization of the West is not an escape from its Christian heritage but a transformation of it — one that has forgotten its own sources."

Brague, Rémi event 2018

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"Religion is not a form of ethics. It is not morality applied to the relationship with God. Ethics deals with what I owe to other human beings; religion deals with what I owe — or rather, receive — from the principle of my existence itself."

Brague, Rémi event 2018

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"The ethical life needs a ground that ethics alone cannot provide. What motivates me to be good — not merely to act well — cannot come from a moral law that I give to myself. It requires a relationship to something prior to me and greater than me."

Brague, Rémi event 2018

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"The nature of a civilization is what aggregates around a religion. Our civilization is incapable of building a temple or a tomb. It will be forced to find its fundamental value, or it will decompose. And the great phenomenon of our era is the violence of the Islamic thrust."

Malraux, André

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"Islam is contrary to the scientific spirit, hostile to progress; it has made the countries it conquered a field closed to the rational cultivation of the mind."

Renan, Ernest

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"I studied the Koran a great deal, mainly because of our position vis-à-vis the Muslim population of Algeria and throughout the Near East. I came away from that study with the conviction that by and large, there have been few religions in the world as deadly to men as that of Mohammed."

Tocqueville, Alexis de

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"Mohammed brought down from heaven and put into the Koran not only religious doctrines but political maxims, criminal and civil laws, and scientific theories."

Tocqueville, Alexis de

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auto_stories Books

Book of Exodus

person The Bible

The second book of the Bible, recounting the liberation of the Israelites from Egypt under Moses and the covenant at Mount Sinai. It contains the T...

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On Religion

person Brague, Rémi event 2018

A philosophical examination of what religion actually is — its essence, structure, and necessity. Brague asks what distinguishes the religious rela...

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person Authors

The Bible

The sacred scripture of Judaism and Christianity, comprising the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament. Its ethical and legal texts — including the Te...

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Brague, Rémi

French philosopher, member of the Académie française, specialist in medieval philosophy and the philosophy of culture; known for his analysis of Eu...

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Malraux, André

French novelist, art theorist, adventurer, and statesman, author of Man's Fate (1933), and Minister of Cultural Affairs under de Gaulle. In 1956 he...

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Renan, Ernest

French philologist, philosopher, and historian of religion, known for his seminal works on early Christianity and his 1883 lecture Islam and Scienc...

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Tocqueville, Alexis de

French political philosopher and historian, author of Democracy in America (1835-1840), renowned for his analysis of American democracy and warning...

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